It is located in the northeast of the region of Andalusia in southern Spain. This is the home "par excellence" of olive oil, and there are olive groves covering as much as two thirds of the cultivated land in the province. Almost all the districts have their own oil co-operatives, and also offer a programme of activities so visitors can learn everything about oil producing.

The province's cultural attractions can be seen in the towns of Úbeda and Baeza, whose ensemble of Renaissance buildings has been declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO. There are also several castles in the province which can be visited by following the Castles and Battles Route.Its natural resources include four nature reserves and a mountain area with abundant Mediterranean vegetation and a rich and varied fauna.